by abwoon on Mon Aug 10, 2009 3:09 am
ACTS 20:7
If permitted I would like to reference some literature,The Jewish New Testament commentary. It says it much better than I could.
Motza˒ei-Shabbat in Hebrew means “departure of the Sabbath” and refers to Saturday night. The Greek text here says, “the first day of the sabbaton,” where Greek sabbaton transliterates Hebrew Shabbat and may be translated “Sabbath” or “week,” depending on the context. Since Shabbat itself is only one day, “the first day of the sabbaton” must be the first day of the week.
But what was meant by “the first day of the week”? Or, to make the question’s relevance to Messianic Judaism clearer, were the believers meeting on Saturday night or on Sunday night? (It is clear from the verse that the meeting was in the evening.) A Saturday night meeting would fit more naturally with Jewish Shabbat observance, wherein the restful spirit of Shabbat is often preserved into Saturday evening, after the official end of Shabbat itself, which occurs after sunset when it gets dark enough to see three stars. It would be natural for Jewish believers who had rested on Shabbat with the rest of the Jewish community to assemble afterwards to celebrate their common faith in Yeshua the Messiah. The Gentile believers who came along later would join in the already established practice, especially since many of them would have been “God-fearers” (10:2) already accustomed to following the lead of the Jews in whose company they had chosen to place themselves. And since by Jewish reckoning days commence after sunset, the sense of the Greek text seems best rendered by “Motza˒ei-Shabbat,” not “Sunday.”
In various places this commentary notes the Christian Church’s tendency to expunge Jewish influences, and I think an instance arises when the present verse is understood to refer to Sunday night. A Sunday night meeting would imply a break of one full day of work between the Jewish Shabbat and the gathering at which Sha’ul spoke. Although Sha’ul cautions Gentiles against being “Judaized” into legalistic observance of the Jewish Sabbath (Co 2:16–17&NN, and possibly Ga 4:8–10&N), although he asks the believers in Corinth to set aside money for the Jewish poor of Jerusalem also on “the first day of the sabbaton” (1C 16:2&N), and although Yochanan at Rv 1:10 speaks of what most translators render as “the Lord’s day” (I translate it “the Day of the Lord”; see note there), nevertheless the meeting in Ephesus must have been on Saturday night. For in this city, as in other places, Jewish believers constituted the core of the congregation—Sha’ul “took the talmidim with him” from the synagogue (19:8–9), with many Gentiles coming to faith later (19:17, 20). The Jewish believers, as explained, would have been accustomed to prolonging Shabbat, so that they would probably not have minded Sha’ul’s talking till midnight. A Saturday night meeting would continue the God-oriented spirit of Shabbat, rather than require the believers to shift their concern from workaday matters, as would be the case on Sunday night.
I do not find the New Testament commanding a specific day of the week for worship. There can be no objection whatever to the practice adopted later by a Gentile-dominated Church of celebrating “the Lord’s Day” on Sunday, including Sunday night; but this custom must not be read back into New Testament times. On the other hand, Messianic Jews who worship on Saturday night rather than Sunday can find warrant for their practice in this verse.
Stern, D. H. (1996, c1992). Jewish New Testament Commentary : A companion volume to the Jewish New Testament (electronic ed.) (Ac 20:7). Clarksville: Jewish New Testament Publications.
Schwandt, J., & Collins, C. J. (2006; 2006).
If you look at the Greek transliteration of this verse or just the greek word used in this verse for WEEK it will give you confirmation of how this word was implied and the content of this commentary. The ESV English-Greek Reverse Interlinear New Testament (Ac 20:7-8). (Logos Research Systems, Inc) is a good resource.
Thank you for this question I gained a more thorough understanding of why we meet on Sunday's. I didn't realize the depth of the backround. It is so easy for us to take for granted or assume, but thats why we are commanded to study.